Week 11

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Week 11


Lab

Law of Superposition:

  • Oldest rocks are at the bottom
  • Igneous means born from fire
  • If an igneous molten lava came and tried pushing through the rocks it tips the layers of the rocks. Anything that tilted is older than the lava. Every new layer of rock on top of that will lay flat. 
We then went over the Sweater Article, we discussed the power we have as teachers and how we have to understand the flaws of the system before we can be better. 

Next we analyzed sand from all over the world under a microscope. 


Lecture

Water, wind, and glaciers are the forms of erosion (moving material). Wind erosion can only move small particles, but they can eat away at larger. 

Principles of wind erosion:
  • Wind shadows- areas behind an object where wind speed slows down and material is deposited
  • Carves the earth 

Sand created through water is polished, smooth, and generally similar in size. 

Sand created through glaciers is polished, smooth, but irregular in size.

Sand created through wind is opaque, frosted, pitted, and very fine grained. 

Smaller sand particles are in a place where the energy is low. In areas of high energy there are larger particles of rock and sand. 

Water-

Water is a very powerful form of erosion, rivers come in different "ages" that are not related to how "old" they are but the energy that they posses. Rivers end in deltas. 

Young rivers have tons of energy, tear apart the land, eroding all that it can due to energy from gravity. They can move material of any size and have similar characteristics. Tend to make a V shaped valley as they erode.

  • Whitewater 
  • Boulders
  • Fast Flowing
Old rivers meander from side to side, have less energy, carry fine sediment, like Mississippi. 
  • They have oxbow lakes
  • They "eat" at the banks of the rivers. 
Mature rivers are in between the two above. 

Glacier-

Glacier erosion moves huge particles, they make a U-shaped valleys as they act like bulldozers. Brain rock on campus came from Canada during the last Ice Age.

There are two kinds of glaciers, Mountains and Continental. Glacial erosion makes up formation of mountains in Iowa. 
Continental glaciers spread down out of Canada, leveling the land of Iowa, leaving us with vast areas of flat land, there is a part of Iowa that was ignored by the glaciers and is not flat from the glacier pushing it through. 

Rock Cycle:

Igneous- come from cooled magma, there are two types. Intrusive and Extrusive. Intrusive rocks take more time to cool so they have bigger crystals. Igneous rocks can weather and erode, when it weathers and erodes it makes particles call sediments.

Sedimentary Rocks- The sediment that comes from the igneous rock creates sedimentary rocks. They cement and compact. Heat and pressure causes the sedimentary rock to turn into a metamorphic rock.

All the rocks can weather and erode and turn into a sediment which then repeats the cycle. All rocks can melt and turn into magma.

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